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- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Geography
-
-
- Location:
- Caribbean, eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola, between the
- Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Haiti
- Map references:
- Central America and the Caribbean
- Area:
- total area:
- 48,730 sq km
- land area:
- 48,380 sq km
- comparative area:
- slightly more than twice the size of New Hampshire
- Land boundaries:
- total 275 km, Haiti 275 km
- Coastline:
- 1,288 km
- Maritime claims:
- contiguous zone:
- 24 nm
- continental shelf:
- 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
- exclusive economic zone:
- 200 nm
- territorial sea:
- 6 nm
- International disputes:
- none
- Climate:
- tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation; seasonal variation
- in rainfall
- Terrain:
- rugged highlands and mountains with fertile valleys interspersed
- Natural resources:
- nickel, bauxite, gold, silver
- Land use:
- arable land:
- 23%
- permanent crops:
- 7%
- meadows and pastures:
- 43%
- forest and woodland:
- 13%
- other:
- 14%
- Irrigated land:
- 2,250 sq km (1989)
- Environment:
- current issues:
- water shortages; soil eroding into the sea damages coral reefs;
- deforestation
- natural hazards:
- occasional hurricanes (July to October)
- international agreements:
- party to - Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation,
- Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified -
- Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Geography
- Note:
- shares island of Hispaniola with Haiti (eastern two-thirds is the Dominican
- Republic, western one-third is Haiti)
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- People
-
-
- Population:
- 7,511,263 (July 1995 est.)
- Age structure:
- 0-14 years:
- 35% (female 1,288,210; male 1,336,162)
- 15-64 years:
- 61% (female 2,246,791; male 2,312,555)
- 65 years and over:
- 4% (female 178,388; male 149,157) (July 1995 est.)
- Population growth rate:
- 1.17% (1995 est.)
- Birth rate:
- 23.92 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
- Death rate:
- 6.15 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
- Net migration rate:
- -6.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
- Infant mortality rate:
- 49.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- total population:
- 68.73 years
- male:
- 66.57 years
- female:
- 70.99 years (1995 est.)
- Total fertility rate:
- 2.72 children born/woman (1995 est.)
- Nationality:
- noun:
- Dominican(s)
- adjective:
- Dominican
- Ethnic divisions:
- white 16%, black 11%, mixed 73%
- Religions:
- Roman Catholic 95%
- Languages:
- Spanish
- Literacy:
- age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
- total population:
- 83%
- male:
- 85%
- female:
- 82%
- Labor force:
- 2.3 million to 2.6 million
- by occupation:
- agriculture 49%, services 33%, industry 18% (1986)
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Government
-
-
- Names:
- conventional long form:
- Dominican Republic
- conventional short form:
- none
- local long form:
- Republica Dominicana
- local short form:
- none
- Digraph:
- DR
- Type:
- republic
- Capital:
- Santo Domingo
- Administrative divisions:
- 29 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 district* (distrito);
- Azua, Baoruco, Barahona, Dajabon, Distrito Nacional*, Duarte, Elias Pina, El
- Seibo, Espaillat, Hato Mayor, Independencia, La Altagracia, La Romana, La
- Vega, Maria Trinidad Sanchez, Monsenor Nouel, Monte Cristi, Monte Plata,
- Pedernales, Peravia, Puerto Plata, Salcedo, Samana, Sanchez Ramirez, San
- Cristobal, San Juan, San Pedro de Macoris, Santiago, Santiago Rodriguez,
- Valverde
- Independence:
- 27 February 1844 (from Haiti)
- National holiday:
- Independence Day, 27 February (1844)
- Constitution:
- 28 November 1966
- Legal system:
- based on French civil codes
- Suffrage:
- 18 years of age; universal and compulsory or married persons regardless of
- age
- note:
- members of the armed forces and police cannot vote
- Executive branch:
- chief of state and head of government:
- President Joaquin BALAGUER Ricardo (since 16 August 1986, sixth elected term
- began 16 August 1994); Vice President Jacinto PEYNADO (since 16 August 1994)
- election last held 16 May 1994 (next to be held May 1996); results - Joaquin
- BALAGUER (PRSC) 42.6%, Juan BOSCH Gavino (PLD) 13.2%, Jose Francisco PENA
- Gomez (PRD) 41.9%, Jacobo MAJLUTA (PRI) 2.3%
- cabinet:
- Cabinet; nominated by the president
- Legislative branch:
- bicameral National Congress (Congreso Nacional)
- Senate (Senado):
- elections last held 16 May 1994 (next to be held May 1998); results -
- percent of vote by party NA; seats - (30 total) PRSC 15, PLD 1, PRD 14
- Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados):
- elections last held 16 May 1994 (next to be held May 1998); results -
- percent of vote by party NA; seats - (120 total) PLD 13, PRSC 50, PRD 57
- Judicial branch:
- Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Government
- Political parties and leaders:
- major parties:
- Social Christian Reformist Party (PRSC), Joaquin BALAGUER Ricardo; Dominican
- Liberation Party (PLD), (vacant following retirement of Juan BOSCH Gavino);
- Dominican Revolutionary Party (PRD), Jose Franciso PENA Gomez; Independent
- Revolutionary Party (PRI), Jacobo MAJLUTA
- minor parties:
- National Veterans and Civilian Party (PNVC), Juan Rene BEAUCHAMPS Javier;
- Liberal Party of the Dominican Republic (PLRD), Andres Van Der HORST;
- Democratic Quisqueyan Party (PQD), Elias WESSIN Chavez; National Progressive
- Force (FNP), Marino VINICIO Castillo; Popular Christian Party (PPC), Rogelio
- DELGADO Bogaert; Dominican Communist Party (PCD), Narciso ISA Conde;
- Dominican Workers' Party (PTD), Ivan RODRIGUEZ; Anti-Imperialist Patriotic
- Union (UPA), Ignacio RODRIGUEZ Chiappini; Alliance for Democracy Party
- (APD), Maximilano Rabelais PUIG Miller, Nelsida MARMOLEJOS, Vicente BENGOA;
- Democratic Union (UD), Fernando ALVAREZ Bogaert
- note:
- in 1983 several leftist parties, including the PCD, joined to form the
- Dominican Leftist Front (FID); however, they still retain individual party
- structures
- Other political or pressure groups:
- Collective of Popular Organzations (COP), leader NA
- Member of:
- ACP, CARICOM (observer), ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD,
- ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
- IOC, IOM, ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), NAM (guest), OAS, OPANAL, PCA, UN,
- UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO
- Diplomatic representation in US:
- chief of mission:
- Ambassador Jose del Carmen ARIZA Gomez
- chancery:
- 1715 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
- telephone:
- [1] (202) 332-6280
- FAX:
- [1] (202) 265-8057
- consulate(s) general:
- Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Mayaguez (Puerto Rico), Miami, New Orleans,
- New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)
- consulate(s):
- Charlotte Amalie (Virgin Islands), Detroit, Houston, Jacksonville,
- Minneapolis, Mobile, and Ponce (Puerto Rico)
- US diplomatic representation:
- chief of mission:
- Ambassador Donna Jean HRINAK
- embassy:
- corner of Calle Cesar Nicolas Penson and Calle Leopoldo Navarro, Santo
- Domingo
- mailing address:
- Unit 5500, Santo Domingo; APO AA 34041
- telephone:
- [1] (809) 541-2171, 8100
- FAX:
- [1] (809) 686-7437
- Flag:
- a centered white cross that extends to the edges, divides the flag into four
- rectangles - the top ones are blue (hoist side) and red, the bottom ones are
- red (hoist side) and blue; a small coat of arms is at the center of the
- cross
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Economy
-
-
- Overview:
- The Dominican economy showed some signs of slippage in 1994, although its
- overall performance in recent years has been relatively strong. After
- posting an increase of nearly 8% in 1992, GDP growth fell to 3% in 1993 and
- 1994 as mining output decreased and erosion of real wages caused private
- consumption to decline. A pre-election boost in government spending in early
- 1994 led to the first government deficit in four years and bumped inflation
- up to 14% for the year. Continued dynamism in construction and the services
- sector, especially tourism, should keep the economy growing in 1995.
- Tourism, agriculture, and manufacturing for export remain key sectors of the
- economy. Domestic industry is based on the processing of agricultural
- products, oil refining, and chemicals.
- National product:
- GDP - purchasing power parity - $24 billion (1994 est.)
- National product real growth rate:
- 2.9% (1994 est.)
- National product per capita:
- $3,070 (1994 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices):
- 14% (1994)
- Unemployment rate:
- 30% (1994 est.)
- Budget:
- revenues:
- $1.8 billion
- expenditures:
- $2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1994 est.)
- Exports:
- $585 million (f.o.b., 1994)
- commodities:
- ferronickel, sugar, gold, coffee, cocoa
- partners:
- US 52%, EC 23%, Puerto Rico 9%, Asia 7% (1992)
- Imports:
- $2.5 billion (c.i.f., 1994 est.)
- commodities:
- foodstuffs, petroleum, cotton and fabrics, chemicals and pharmaceuticals
- partners:
- US 60% (1993)
- External debt:
- $4.3 billion (1994 est.)
- Industrial production:
- growth rate 3.4% (1994); accounts for 14% of GDP
- Electricity:
- capacity:
- 1,450,000 kW
- production:
- 5.4 billion kWh
- consumption per capita:
- 651 kWh (1993)
- Industries:
- tourism, sugar processing, ferronickel and gold mining, textiles, cement,
- tobacco
- Agriculture:
- accounts for 15% of GDP and employs 49% of labor force; commercial crops -
- sugarcane, coffee, cotton, cocoa, and tobacco; food crops - rice, beans,
- potatoes, corn, bananas; animal output - cattle, hogs, dairy products, meat,
- eggs; not self-sufficient in food
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Economy
- Illicit drugs:
- transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe
- Economic aid:
- recipient:
- US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY85-89), $575 million; Western (non-US)
- countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $655 million
- Currency:
- 1 Dominican peso (RD$) = 100 centavos
- Exchange rates:
- Dominican pesos (RD$) per US$1 - 13.258 (January 1995), 13.160 (1994),
- 12.679 (1993), 12.774 (1992), 12.692 (1991), 8.525 (1990)
- Fiscal year:
- calendar year
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Transportation
-
-
- Railroads:
- total:
- 1,655 km (in numerous segments; includes 4 different gauges from 0.558-m
- narrow gauge to 1.435-m standard gauge)
- Highways:
- 12,000 km
- paved:
- 5,800 km
- unpaved:
- gravel or improved earth 5,600 km; unimproved earth 600 km
- Pipelines:
- crude oil 96 km; petroleum products 8 km
- Ports:
- Barahona, La Romana, Puerto Plata, San Pedro de Macoris, Santo Domingo
- Merchant marine:
- total:
- 1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,587 GRT/1,165 DWT
- Airports:
- 36
- with paved runways over 3,047 m:
- 2
- with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:
- 1
- with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:
- 4
- with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:
- 5
- with paved runways under 914 m:
- 16
- with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:
- 1
- with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m:
- 1
- with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:
- 6
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Communications
-
-
- Telephone system:
- 190,000 telephones; relatively efficient domestic system based on islandwide
- microwave radio relay network
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- islandwide microwave radio relay network
- international:
- 1 coaxial submarine cable; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station
- Radio:
- broadcast stations:
- AM 120, FM 0, shortwave 6
- radios:
- NA
- Television:
- broadcast stations:
- 18
- televisions:
- NA
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Dominican Republic
- Defense Forces
-
-
- Branches:
- Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police
- Manpower availability:
- males age 15-49 2,008,597; males fit for military service 1,266,812; males
- reach military age (18) annually 79,769 (1995 est.)
- Defense expenditures:
- exchange rate conversion - $116 million, 1.4% of GDP (1994)
-